{"id":3996,"date":"2010-06-13T04:47:43","date_gmt":"2010-06-13T09:47:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/?p=3996"},"modified":"2010-07-27T10:14:45","modified_gmt":"2010-07-27T15:14:45","slug":"a-conclusion-of-the-4th-international-polar-year","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/archives\/2010\/06\/a-conclusion-of-the-4th-international-polar-year\/","title":{"rendered":"A conclusion of the 4th International Polar Year"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

This week, the “Oslo Science conference<\/a>” the largest conference ever -it was claimed – was held on polar sciences at Lillestr\u00f8m, just outside Oslo. Some of the web-casts<\/a> from that meeting are worth watching, and I found especially the talk by David Barber<\/a> (“On Thin Ice: The Arctic and Climate Change”, video link here<\/a>) both a bit alarming as well as fascinating. <\/p>\n

Storms and snow affect sea-ice growth, since a layer of snow on top of the ice insulates against the cold atmosphere and prohibits ice growth. Winds and extra mass can lead to break-up, and the amount of multi-annual ice is lower than expected; it has decayed and ‘rotted’. A mission with the Canadian ice breaker apparently managed to break ice slabs much thicker than expected, due to weaker ice. Also more recent reversals of the Beaufort<\/a> gyre<\/a>, unexpected long swells, and new ice on top of clumps of old ice fooling the satellites to think there is more multi-year ice than really the case, are just part of the story. In the mean while, the sea-ice for this season<\/a> from NSIDC is on a low note.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a> The main message that I took home from this was that the sea-ice is more important than I previously thought. It appears clearer now that it plays a role in the Arctic amplification<\/a> – which clearly is really emerging<\/a>. <\/p>\n

Some claim that reduced sea-ice can explain cold winters<\/a> in the northern hemisphere, but I’m not yet convinced. The cold winters are due to weak Arctic Oscillation, and hence a shift in the air masses bringing frigid polar southwards, and this air is replaced by milder air in the polar region. Hence, a shift in the wind system as well as milder temperatures may favour less Arctic sea-ice.<\/p>\n

The Antarctic sea-ice cover has increased on average in the last 30 years, but not everywhere. Both the general increase around East Antarctica and the large decrease off West Antarctica are attributed to the ozone hole and corresponding changes in the Southern Annular Mode<\/a> (SAM, or the ‘Antarctic Oscillation’), though this probably doesn’t explain what is happening in winter. There is no clear polar amplification observed over Antarctica, such as seen as in the Arctic, and one explanation for this may be that the Antarctic continent has large ice sheets with enormous thermal inertia. But ice core data suggest that there have been amplification there in the past too. Nevertheless, the Arctic is characterized by a polar ocean with retreating sea-ice in the northern hemisphere. In both cases, changing air masses and the winds are important for inter-annual to inter-decadal variations, both in explaining cold winters over Eurasia and sea-ice around Antarctica. <\/p>\n

Una traducci\u00f3n en espa\u00f1ol est\u00e1 disponible aqu\u00ed<\/a>. <\/lang_sp>
\nUna traduzione in italiano \u00e8 disponibile qui<\/a>.<\/lang_it><\/p>\n\n<\/div> ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This week, the “Oslo Science conference” the largest conference ever -it was claimed – was held on polar sciences at Lillestr\u00f8m, just outside Oslo. Some of the web-casts from that meeting are worth watching, and I found especially the talk by David Barber (“On Thin Ice: The Arctic and Climate Change”, video link here) both […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-3996","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-climate-science","7":"entry"},"aioseo_notices":[],"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3996"}],"version-history":[{"count":26,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4622,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3996\/revisions\/4622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3996"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3996"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.realclimate.org\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3996"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}