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You are here: Home / Extras / Glossary / Modele de Circulation Générale (MCG – “GCM”)

Modele de Circulation Générale (MCG – “GCM”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Translations: (English)
English

Modele tri-dimensionnel global de l’atmosphere utilisé en modélisation climatique (souvent faussement nommé “Modele Climatique Global”). Ce terme générique est souvent précisé par des informations complémentaires (comme par exemple quand ce modele est couplé a l’ocean – voir “Modele de Circulation Générale Océan-Atmosphere”

Les échelles de distances résolues dans ces modeles sont typiquement de l’ordre de la centaine de kilometres (c.a.d. que les caracteristiques de cette taille ou plus petites ne sont pas directement resolues). La résolution temporelle de ces modeles (fréquence de calcul des différents champs) est comprise en général entre 20 minutes et une heure. Ainsi, pour une journée, les calculs principaux seront effectués entre 24 et 72 fois.

Les variables fondamentales d’un modele sont le temperature, l’humidité, la fraction liquide/glace de l’eau et la masse atnosphérique. La physique du modele prend en compte l’advection, les calculs de radiations, les flux de surface (chaleur latente, sensible, etc…), la convection, turbulence, et les nuages. Les modeles les plus elaborés du Systeme Terre contiennent souvent des marqueurs liés a la chimie atmospherique et aux aerosols (incluant les poussieres et le sel de mer).

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