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Revisiting the Younger Dryas

17 Jul 2010 by group

Guest Commentary by Chris Colose

One of the most intriguing and well-studied climatic events in the past is the Younger Dryas (YD), a rather abrupt climate change between ~12.9 and 11.6 thousand years ago. As the world was slowly warming and ice was retreating from the last glaciation, the YD effectively halted the transition to today’s relatively warm, interglacial conditions in many parts of the world. This event is associated with cold and dry conditions increasing with latitude in the North, temperature and precipitation influences on tropical and boreal wetlands, Siberian-like winters in much of the North Atlantic, weakening of monsoon intensity, and southward displacement of tropical rainfall patterns. RealClimate has previously discussed the YD (here and here) however there have been a number of developments in recent years which deserve further attention, particularly with respect to the spatial characteristics and causes of the YD.
[Read more…] about Revisiting the Younger Dryas

Filed Under: Climate Science, Oceans, Paleoclimate

Climate scientist bashing

7 Apr 2010 by Stefan

A new popular sport in some media these days is “climate scientist bashing”. Instead of dealing soberly with the climate problem they prefer to attack climate scientists, i.e. the bearers of bad news. The German magazine DER SPIEGEL has played this game last week under the suggestive heading “Die Wolkenschieber” – which literally translated can mean both “the cloud movers” and “the cloud traffickers” (available in English here ). The article continues on this level, alleging “sloppy work, falsifications and exaggerations”. By doing so DER SPIEGEL digs deeply into the old relic box of “climate skeptics” and freely helps itself on their websites instead of critically researching the issues at hand.
[Read more…] about Climate scientist bashing

Filed Under: Climate Science

Science Story: the Making of a Sea Level Study

6 Apr 2010 by group

Guest commentary by Martin Vermeer

On December 7, 2009 the embargo expired, and my and Stefan’s joint paper ‘Global sea level linked to global temperature’ appeared in the Proceedings of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. It had been a long time coming! But this post is not so much about the science as about the process, and about how a geodesist from Helsinki and an oceanographer from Potsdam, who to this day have never even met, came to write, to the surprise of both of us, a joint paper on sea level rise.
[Read more…] about Science Story: the Making of a Sea Level Study

Filed Under: Climate Science, Instrumental Record

Sealevelgate

11 Mar 2010 by Stefan

Translations: (Italian)

Imagine this. In its latest report, the IPCC has predicted up to 3 meters of sea level rise by the end of this century. But “climate sceptics” websites were quick to reveal a few problems (or “tricks”, as they called it).

First, although the temperature scenarios of IPCC project a maximum warming of 6.4 ºC (Table SPM3), the upper limit of sea level rise has been computed assuming a warming of 7.6 ºC. Second, the IPCC chose to compute sea level rise up to the year 2105 rather than 2100 – just to add that extra bit of alarmism. Worse, the IPCC report shows that over the past 40 years, sea level has in fact risen 50% less than predicted by its models – yet these same models are used uncorrected to predict the future! And finally, the future projections assume a massive ice sheet decay which is rather at odds with past ice sheet behaviour.

Some scientists within IPCC warned early that all this could lead to a credibility problem, but the IPCC decided to go ahead anyway.

Now, the blogosphere and their great media amplifiers are up in arms. Heads must roll!

[Read more…] about Sealevelgate

Filed Under: Communicating Climate, IPCC, Oceans, Reporting on climate

More on sun-climate relations

9 Mar 2010 by rasmus

Four new papers discuss the relatiosnhip between solar activity and climate: one by Judith Lean (2010) in WIREs Climate Change, a GRL paper by Calogovic et al. (2010), Kulmala et al. (2010), and an on-line preprint by Feulner and Rahmstorf (2010). They all look at different aspects of how changes in solar activity may influence our climate.

[Read more…] about More on sun-climate relations

Filed Under: Climate Science, Sun-earth connections

IPCC errors: facts and spin

14 Feb 2010 by group

Translations: (Czech) (Svenska)

Currently, a few errors –and supposed errors– in the last IPCC report (“AR4”) are making the media rounds – together with a lot of distortion and professional spin by parties interested in discrediting climate science.  Time for us to sort the wheat from the chaff: which of these putative errors are real, and which not? And what does it all mean, for the IPCC in particular, and for climate science more broadly?

[Read more…] about IPCC errors: facts and spin

Filed Under: Climate Science, Communicating Climate, IPCC, Reporting on climate, skeptics

Data Sources

This page is a catalogue that will be kept up to date pointing to selected sources of code and data related to climate science. Please keep us informed of any things we might have missed, or any updates to the links that are needed.

  • Climate data (raw)
  • Climate data (processed)
  • Paleo-data
  • Auxiliary data
  • Paleo Reconstructions (including code)
  • Large-scale model (Reanalysis) output
  • Large-scale model (GCM) output
  • Model codes (GCMs)
  • Model codes (other)
  • Data Visualisation and Analysis
  • Master Repositories of climate and other Earth Science data

Climate data (raw)

  • GHCN v.2 (Global Historical Climate Network: weather station records from around the world, temperature and precipitation)
  • USHCN US. Historical Climate Network (v.1 and v.2)
  • World Monthly Surface Station Climatology UCAR
  • Antarctic weather stations
  • European weather stations (ECA)
  • Italian Meterological Society IMS
  • Satellite feeds (AMSU, SORCE (Solar irradiance), NASA A-train, Ocean Color)
  • Tide Gauges (Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level)
  • World Glacier Monitoring Service
  • Argo float data
  • International Comprehensive Ocean/Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) (Oceanic in situ observations)
  • AERONET Aerosol information
  • Arctic data from the Cooperative Arctic Data and Information Service (CADIS)

Climate data (processed)

  • Surface temperature anomalies (GISTEMP (see also Clear Climate Code), HadCRU, NOAA NCDC, JMA, Berkeley Earth)
  • Satellite temperatures (MSU) (UAH, RSS, Zou et al)
  • Sea surface temperatures (Reynolds et al, OI)
  • Stratospheric temperature
  • Sea ice (Cryosphere Today, NSIDC, JAXA, Bremen, Arctic-Roos, DMI)
  • Radiosondes (RAOBCORE, HadAT, U. Wyoming, RATPAC, IUK, Sterin (CDIAC), Angell (CDIAC) )
  • Cloud and radiation products (ISCCP, CERES-ERBE)
  • Sea level (U. Colorado, NOAA)
  • Aerosols (AEROCOM, GACP)
  • Greenhouse Gases (AGGI at NOAA, CO2 Mauna Loa, World Data Center for Greenhouse Gases, AIRS CO2 data (2003+))
  • AHVRR data as used in Steig et al (2009)
  • Snow Cover (Rutgers)
  • GLIMS glacier database
  • Ocean Heat Content: NODC, PMEL
  • Ocean CO2 (CDIAC)
  • GCOS Essential Climate Variables Index
  • NOAA Climate Indicators BAMS State of the Climate
  • Climate Data Factory

Paleo-data

  • NOAA Paleoclimate
  • Pangaea
  • GRIP/NGRIP Ice cores (Denmark)
  • GISP2 (note that the age model has been updated)
  • National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC)
  • Insolation (i.e. Milankovitch cycles): Lasker (2004), Berger and Loutre (1991), Huybers (2006)

Auxiliary data

  • Solar System Calculations (JPL Horizons)

Paleo Reconstructions (including code)

  • Reconstructions index and data (NOAA)
  • Mann et al (2008) (also here, Mann et al (2009))
  • Kaufmann et al (2009)
  • Wahl and Ammann (2006)
  • Mann et al (1998/1999)

Large-scale model (Reanalysis) output

These are weather models which have the real world observations assimilated into the solution to provide a ‘best guess’ of the evolution of weather over time (although pre-satellite era estimates (before 1979) are less accurate).

  • ERA40 (1957-2001, from ECMWF)
  • ERA-Interim (1989 – present, ECMWF’s latest project)
  • NCEP (1948-present, NOAA), NCEP-2
  • MERRA NASA GSFC
  • JRA-25 (1979-2004, Japanese Met. Agency)
  • North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR)
  • 20th Century Reanalysis (1871-2008)

Large-scale model (GCM) output

These is output from the large scale global models used to assess climate change in the past, and make projections for the future. Some of this output is also available via the Data Visualisation tools linked below.

  • CMIP3 output (~20 models, as used by IPCC AR4) at PCMDI
  • GISS ModelE output (includes AR4 output as well as more specific experiments)
  • GFDL Model output

Model codes (GCMs)

Downloadable codes for some of the GCMs.

  • GISS ModelE (AR4 version, current snapshot)
  • NCAR CESM; NCAR CCSM(Version 3.0, CCM3 (older vintage))
  • EdGCM Windows based version of an older GISS model.
  • Uni. Hamburg (SAM, PUMA and PLASIM)
  • NEMO Ocean Model
  • GFDL Models
  • MIT GCM
  • DOE E3SM

Model codes (other)

This category include links to analysis tools, simpler models or models focussed on more specific issues.

  • Radiative Transfer models (AER RRTM)
  • Rahmstorf (2007) Sea Level Rise Code
  • Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009) Sea Level Rise Code and Data
  • ModTran (atmospheric radiation calculations and visualisations)
  • Various climate-related online models (David Archer)
  • Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs) (FUND, FAIR, DICE, RICE)
  • CliMT (also here) a Python-based software component toolkit
  • Pyclimate Python tools for climate analysis
  • CDAT Tools for analysing climate data in netcdf format (PCMDI)
  • RegEM (Tapio Schneider)
  • Time series analysis (MTM-SVD, SSA-MTM toolkit, Mann and Lees (1996))
  • MAGICC

Data Visualisation and Analysis

These sites include some of the above data (as well as other sources) in an easier to handle form.

  • ClimateExplorer (KNMI)
  • Dapper (PMEL, NOAA)
  • Ingrid (IRI/LDEO Climate data library)
  • Giovanni (GSFC)
  • Wood for Trees: Interactive graphics (temperatures)
  • IPCC Data Visualisations
  • Regional IPCC model output
  • Climate Wizard

Master Repositories of Climate Data

Much bigger indexes of data sources:

  • Global Change Master Directory (GSFC)
  • PAGES data portal
  • NCDC (National Climate Data Center)
  • IPCC Data
  • NCAR’s ClimateDataGuide
  • Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Lab: Atmospheric trace gas concentrations, historical carbon emissions, and more
  • CRU Data holdings
  • Hadley Centre Observational holdings
  • UCAR Climate Data Guide

Ups and downs of sea level projections

31 Aug 2009 by Stefan

By Stefan Rahmstorf and Martin Vermeer

The scientific sea level discussion has moved a long way since the last IPCC report was published in 2007 (see our post back then). The Copenhagen Synthesis Report recently concluded that “The updated estimates of the future global mean sea level rise are about double the IPCC projections from 2007″. New Scientist last month ran a nice article on the state of the science, very much in the same vein. But now Mark Siddall, Thomas Stocker and Peter Clark have countered this trend in an article in Nature Geoscience, projecting a global rise of only 7 to 82 cm from 2000 to the end of this century.


Coastal erosion: Like the Dominican Republic, many island nations are particularly vulnerable to sea level rise. (c) S.R.
Coastal erosion: Like the Dominican Republic, many island nations are
particularly vulnerable to sea level rise. (Photo: S.R.)

[Read more…] about Ups and downs of sea level projections

Filed Under: Oceans

More bubkes

1 Jul 2009 by group

Translations: (Chinese (simplified))

Roger Pielke Sr. has raised very strong allegations against RealClimate in a recent blog post. Since they come from a scientific colleague, we consider it worthwhile responding directly.

The statement Pielke considers “misinformation” is a single sentence from a recent posting:

Some aspects of climate change are progressing faster than was expected a few years ago – such as rising sea levels, the increase of heat stored in the ocean and the shrinking Arctic sea ice.

First of all, we are surprised that Pielke levelled such strong allegations against RealClimate, since the statement above merely summarises some key findings of the Synthesis Report of the Copenhagen Climate Congress, which we discussed last month. This is a peer-reviewed document authored by 12 leading scientists and “based on the 16 plenary talks given at the Congress as well as input of over 80 chairs and co-chairs of the 58 parallel sessions held at the Congress.” If Pielke disagrees with the findings of these scientists, you’d have thought he’d take it up with them rather than aiming shrill accusations at us. But in any case let us look at the three items of alleged misinformation:

[Read more…] about More bubkes

Filed Under: Climate Science

Sea will rise ‘to levels of last Ice Age’

26 Jan 2009 by Stefan

Translations: (Italian) (Chinese (simplified))

cogee beachThe British tabloid Daily Mirror recently headlined that “Sea will rise ‘to levels of last Ice Age’”. No doubt many of our readers will appreciate just how scary this prospect is: sea level during the last Ice Age was up to 120 meters lower than today. Our favourite swimming beaches – be it Coogee in Sydney or the Darß on the German Baltic coast – would then all be high and dry, and ports like Rotterdam or Tokyo would be far from the sea. Imagine it.

[Read more…] about Sea will rise ‘to levels of last Ice Age’

Filed Under: Climate Science

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