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About A propos

1 Dec 2004 by group

RealClimate is a commentary site on climate science by working climate scientists for the interested public and journalists and has been operating since Dec 2004. We aim to provide the context sometimes missing in mainstream commentary on climate science. The discussion here is mostly restricted to scientific topics though we maintain open threads for the political or economic implications of the science and for discussions of possible solutions. All posts are signed by the author(s), except ‘group’ posts which are collective efforts from the whole team. Please note this is a moderated forum.

RealClimate est un site de discussion sur les sciences du climat pour le public et les journalistes depuis decembre 2004, site animé par des scientifiques actifs dans ce domaine. Notre objectif est de fournir le contexte scientifique souvent absent dans les médias. Les discussions sur ce site sont pour la plupart limitées aux sujets scientifiques, et n’aborderont pas les implications politiques ou économiques de la science. Toutes les discussions sont signeés, sauf les discussions signeés par ‘group’ qui sont un effort collectif.

A translation in Belorussian is available here
A translation in Bulgarian is available here via Ivan Boreev.

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We use WordPress blogging software and are hosted at Openstack.com. Current site design is by Oliver Mösing. 

Google Custom Search results are from a subset of the web that we consider provide quality information on climate science. This includes scientific agencies, mainstream climate centres and universities around the world. 

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Nous utilisons le logiciel de blogWordPress et sommes hébergés chez Openstack.com. Le design du site est signé Oliver Mösing.  

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We welcome translation efforts for all our substantive articles. Currently, we host translations of many articles that have been provided from the wider community and additionally we link to external translations. Availability is denoted by the appropriate language flag (note that national flags are merged if the languages are in common). If you would like to get involved translating either to the existing languages, or any new language, please let us know.

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Filed Under: Extras

Antarctic Oscillation (“AAO”) Oscillation Antarctique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Measure of the pressure gradient between the polar and subpolar regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Term was introduced by Thompson and Wallace (2000). More information on the AAO can be found here. See also Arctic Oscillation (“AO”).

Mesure du gradient de pression entre les régions pôlaires et sub-pôlaires de l’Hémisphère Sud. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par Thompson et Wallace (2000). Plus d’informations sur l’Oscillation Antarctique peuvent être trouvées ici. Voir également Oscillation Arctique.

Filed Under: Glossary

Anthropogenic Forcing Forçage Anthropogénique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Forcing due to human, rather than natural, factors. Such factors include increased greenhouse gas concentrations associated with fossil fuel burning, sulphate aerosols produced as an industrial by-product, human-induced changes in land surface properties among other things.

Forçage dû à l’action humaine, par opposition aux facteurs naturels. Les facteurs d’origine humaine incluent (entre autres) l’augmentation de la concentration en gaz à effet de serre associés à la combustion de carbone fossile, les aérosols sulfatés issus de l’industrie, et les changements des propriétés de la couverture terrestre liés à l’action humaine.

Filed Under: Glossary

Arctic Oscillation (“AO”) Oscillation Arctique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Measure of the pressure gradient between the polar and subpolar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The term was introduced by Thompson and Wallace (2000). More information on the AO can be found here. See also North Atlantic Oscillation”(NAO”).

Mesure du gradient de pression entre les régions pôlaires et sub-pôlaires de l’Hémisphère Nord. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par Thompson et Wallace (2000). Plus d’informations peuvent être trouvées ici. Voir également : Oscillation Nord Atlantique.

Filed Under: Glossary

Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (“AMO”) Oscillation Atlantique Multi-Décennale (“AMO”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

A multidecadal (50-80 year timescale) pattern of North Atlantic ocean-atmosphere variability whose existence has been argued for based on statistical analyses of observational and proxy climate data, and coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (“AOGCM”) simulations. This pattern is believed to describe some of the observed early 20th century (1920s-1930s) high-latitude Northern Hemisphere warming and some, but not all, of the high-latitude warming observed in the late 20th century. The term was introduced in a summary by Kerr (2000) of a study by Delworth and Mann (2000).
Mode de variabilité de l’océan et atmosphère de l’Atlantique Nord a l’échelle de temps multi-décennale (50 a 70 ans). Ce mode a été décrit sur la base d’analyses statistiques de données climatiques instrumentales et reconstruites par des proxies, ainsi que de simulations numériques de modèles couplés Océan-Atmosphère. Ce mode de variabilité contient une partie du réchauffement aux hautes latitudes de l’hémisphère Nord dans le début du 20ème siècle (années 1920-1930), et également en partie (mais pas tout) du réchauffement aux hautes latitudes observé a la fin du 20ème siècle. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par R.Kerr dans un résumé de l’étude de Delworth et Mann (2000).

Filed Under: Glossary

Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (“AOGCM”) Modèle Couplé Océan-Atmosphère de Circulation Générale (“AOGCM”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model of the three-dimensional global climate. See also ‘General Circulation Model (GCM)’.
Modèle couplé océan-atmosphère du climat global en trois dimensions. Voir également : ‘Modèle de Circulation Générale (GCM)’.

Filed Under: Glossary

Climate Field Reconstruction (“CFR”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Approach to reconstructing a target large-scale climate field from predictors employing multivariate regression methods. CFR methods have been applied both to filling spatial gaps in early instrumental climate data sets, and to the problem of reconstructing past climate patterns from ‘climate proxy’ data.

Filed Under: Glossary

Climate Proxy ‘Proxy’ ou marqueur climatique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Climate ‘proxies’ are sources of climate information from natural archives such as tree rings, ice cores, corals, lake and ocean sediments, tree pollen, or human archives such as historical records or diaries, which can be used to estimate climate conditions prior to the modern period (e.g. mid 19th century to date) during which widespread instrumental measurements are available. Proxy indicators typically must be calibrated against modern instrumental information to yield a quantitative reconstruction of past climate.

Les marqueurs ou ‘proxis’ climatiques sont des sources d’information sur le climat provenant d’archives naturelles comme les cernes de croissance des arbres, les carottes glaciaires, les coraux, les sédiments lacustres et océaniques, les pollens ; ou d’archives humaines comme les enregistrements historiques et journaux, qui peuvent etre utilisés pour estimer les conditions climatiques avant la période moderne (environ le milieu du 19eme siecle), période pendant laquelle des mesures instrumentales sont largement disponibles. Les ‘proxis’ doivent etre calibrés sur les données instrumentales modernes pour fournir une reconstruction quantitative du climat.

Filed Under: Glossary

El Niño/Southern Oscillation (“ENSO”) El Niño – Oscillation Australe (“ENOA”-“ENSO”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

A natural coupled mode of climate variability associated with both surface temperature variations tied to El Niño and atmospheric circulation changes across the equatorial Pacific (see also ‘Southern Oscillation Index’). Term was first coined by Rasmusson and Carpenter (1982). More information on ENSO can be found here.
Mode de variabilité climatique naturelle couplant les variations de température de surface océaniques liées a El Niño et des changements de circulation atmosphérique dans l’océan Pacifique équatorial (voir également : ‘Index d’Oscillation Australe’). Ce terme a été pour la premiere fois employé par Rasmusson et Carpenter (1982). Pour plus d’informations voir ici (en anglais).

Filed Under: Glossary

Empirical Orthogonal Function (“EOF”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Spatial pattern tied to a particular mode of time/space variance in a spatiotemporal data set (see also “Principal Components Analysis or “PCA”).

Filed Under: Glossary

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