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Index

1 Dec 2004 by group

In addition to the category indexing on the side bar, we have set out a more thematic index here to help you find your way through the content on the site. [Note: this was kept up-to-date through about 2008. For more recent articles, please use the search function.]

Themes: Aerosols, Arctic and Antarctic climate, Atmospheric Science, Climate modelling, Climate sensitivity, Extreme events, Global warming, Greenhouse gases, Mitigation of Climate Change, Present-day observations, Oceans, Paleo-climate, Responses to common contrarian arguments, The Practice of Science, Solar forcing, Projections of future climate, Climate in the media, Meeting Reports, Miscellaneous.

If you are looking for introductions to the whole topic, start here.

Aerosols:

  • “Global Dimming? Assombrissement global?“
  • “Global Dimming II Assombrissement Global II“
  • “Pollution-Climate Connections Liens entre Pollution et Climat“
  • “Global Dimming may have a brighter future Un avenir brillant pour l’assombrissement global ?“
  • “Climate sensitivity and aerosol forcings“
  • “An Aerosol Tour de Forcing“
  • “Global Dimming and climate models“
  • “Current volcanic activity and climate?“
  • “Aerosols: The Last Frontier? Aerossóis: A Última Fronteira?“
  • “Ozone impacts on climate change“
  • “Perspectives from China“
  • “Global dimming and global warming“
  • “Aerosols, Chemistry and Climate“

Arctic and Antarctic climate:

  • “The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment“
  • “The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment II“
  • “The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment III“
  • “Will spring 2005 be a bad one for Arctic ozone? Le printemps 2005 comptera-t-il parmi les mauvais pour l’ozone arctique ?“
  • “2005 Record Arctic Ozone Loss“
  • “Retreating Glacier Fronts on the Antarctic Peninsula over the Past Half-Century Recul du Front des Glaciers de la Péninsule Antarctique au cours des 50 dernières années“
  • “650,000 years of greenhouse gas concentrations 650 000 années de concentrations de gaz à effet de serre“
  • “Polar Amplification“
  • “The Greenland Ice“
  • “How much future sea level rise? More evidence from models and ice sheet observations.“
  • “Significant Warming of the Antarctic Winter Troposphere“
  • “More on the Arctic“
  • “Sea level in the Arctic“
  • “Ice Sheets and Sea Level Rise: Model Failure is the Key Issue“
  • “The Copenhagen Consensus“
  • “Is Antarctic climate changing?“
  • “Historical climatology in Greenland“
  • “Not just ice albedo Ce n’est pas qu’une histoire d’albédo de la glace…“
  • “Arctic Sea Ice decline in the 21st CenturyDéclin de la banquise de l’Arctique au 21ème siècle“
  • “Making sense of Greenland’s ice“
  • “Arctic sea ice watch“
  • “New rule for high profile papers“
  • “Antarctica is Cold? Yeah, We Knew That ¿La Antártida está fría? Si, ya lo sabíamos“
  • “Moulins, Calving Fronts and Greenland Outlet Glacier Acceleration Sifones, frentes glaciares y la aceleración de los glaciares exteriores de Groenlandia“
  • “North Pole notes“
  • “Ice Shelf Instability“
  • “North Pole notes (continued)“
  • “How much will sea level rise? ¿Cuanto subirá el nivel del mar?Quanto aumenterà il livello del mare?“
  • “On straw men and Greenland: Tad Pfeffer Responds“
  • “What links the retreat of Jakobshavn Isbrae, Wilkins Ice Shelf and the Petermann Glacier?“

Atmospheric Science:

  • “Water vapour: feedback or forcing?“
  • “Et Tu LT?“
  • “The tropical lapse rate quandary“
  • “Busy Week for Water Vapor“
  • “More satellite stuff“
  • “Naturally trendy?“
  • “Cloudy outlook for albedo?“
  • “On a Weakening of the Walker Circulation“
  • “The sky IS falling Le ciel nous tombe vraiment sur la tête“
  • “On Mid-latitude Storms“
  • “Uncertainty in polar ozone depletion?“
  • “Tropical tropospheric trends“
  • “Butterflies, tornadoes and climate modelling“
  • “Tropical tropospheric trends again“
  • “Tropical tropospheric trends again (again) Ancora i trends troposferici tropicali (ancora)“
  • “Ozone holes and cosmic rays“

Climate modelling:

  • “Is Climate Modelling Science? La modélisation climatique est-elle de la science?“
  • “Planetary energy imbalance?“
  • “Modeller vs. modeller“
  • “Chaos and Climate“
  • “Greenhouse gases help seasonal predictions Gaz à effet de serre et prédictions saisonnières“
  • “Polar Amplification“
  • “Climate Feedbacks“
  • “Short and simple arguments for why climate can be predicted“
  • “The Physics of Climate Modelling La physique de la modélisation du climat“
  • “Hansen’s 1988 projections“
  • “Why global climate models do not give a realistic description of the local climate Por que os Modelos Climáticos Globais não Fornecem uma Descrição Realista do Clima Local“
  • “Green and Armstrong’s scientific forecast“
  • “Musings about models“
  • “The IPCC model simulation archive“
  • ““Hell train station”“
  • “What the IPCC models really say Lo que dicen realmente los modelos del IPCCCosa dicono realmente i modelli dell‘IPCC“
  • “Global Cooling-Wanna Bet? Enfriamiento Global, ¿Quieres apostar?Raffreddamento Globale – scommettiamo?“
  • “The Global Cooling Bet – Part 2 Apuesta al Enfriamiento Global – Segunda ParteLa scommessa sul raffreddamento globale – II parte“
  • “Hypothesis testing and long range memory“
  • “FAQ on climate models Vanliga frågor om klimatmodeller“

Climate sensitivity:

  • “11ºC warming, climate crisis in 10 years? 11ºC de réchauffement, une crise climatique dans 10 ans ?“
  • “Climate sensitivity and aerosol forcings“
  • “Natural Variability and Climate Sensitivity“
  • “Richard Lindzen’s HoL testimony“
  • “Climate sensitivity: Plus ça change…“
  • “Runaway tipping points of no return“
  • “Climate Feedbacks“
  • “The CO2 problem in 6 easy steps“
  • “Climate Insensitivity“
  • “The certainty of uncertainty“
  • “Target CO2 Objectivo CO2“
  • “Simple Question, Simple Answer… Not Les question simples n’appellent pas toujours des réponses simples“

Extreme events:

  • “Storms and Climate Change“
  • “Storms & Global Warming II“
  • “Hurricanes and Global Warming – Is There a Connection? Huracanes y calentamiento global ¿Hay conexión?Ouragans et réchauffement global – existe t’il un lien ?“
  • “On record-breaking events“
  • “Reactions to tighter hurricane intensity/SST link“
  • “Tropical Cyclones workshop“
  • “Gray and Muddy Thinking about Global Warming“
  • “NOAA: Hurricane forecasts“
  • “Amazonian drought“
  • “Fact, Fiction, and Friction in the Hurricane Debate“
  • “Tropical SSTs: Natural variations or Global warming?“
  • “On Mid-latitude Storms“
  • “El Nino, Global Warming, and Anomalous U.S. Winter Warmth“
  • “Hurricane Spin“
  • “Storm World: A Review“
  • “Tropical cyclone history – part I: How reliable are past hurricane records?“
  • “Tropical cyclone history – part II: Paleotempestology still in its infancy“
  • “Climate Change and Tropical Cyclones (Yet Again)“

Global warming:

  • “Imprecision of the Phrase “Global Warming”“
  • “Anomalous Recent Warmth in Europe Réchauffement récent anormal en Europe “
  • “Global temperatures continue to rise Les températures globales encore en hausse“
  • “Update on 2005 temperatures Mise à Jour sur les températures 2005“
  • “2005 temperatures Températures 2005“
  • “Global warming on Mars? Réchauffement global sur Mars ? “
  • “Ozone depletion and global warming Perte d’ozone et réchauffement climatique Ozon Azalması ve Küresel Isınma“
  • “How long will global warming last? Pendant combien de temps le réchauffement global persistera-t-il ?“
  • “Betting on climate change“
  • “Worldwide glacier retreat Recul mondial des glaciers“
  • “Why looking for global warming in the oceans is a good idea Voici pourquoi rechercher le réchauffement global dans les océans est pertinent“
  • “Planetary energy imbalance?“
  • “Tropical Glacier Retreat“
  • “Global warming on Earth Réchauffement global sur Terre ?“
  • “Q & A: Global Warming“
  • “Methane hydrates and global warming“
  • “Can 2°C warming be avoided? Un réchauffement de 2°C peut-il être évité?“
  • “Gray and Muddy Thinking about Global Warming“
  • “El Niño and Global Warming“
  • “Geo-engineering in vogue…“
  • “‘The Discovery of Global Warming’ update“
  • “Attribution of 20th Century climate change to CO2“
  • “How much CO2 emission is too much?“
  • “No man is an (Urban Heat) Island“
  • “1934 and all that“
  • “Friday roundup“
  • “Six Degrees“

Greenhouse gases:

  • “What does the lag of CO2 behind temperature in ice cores tell us about global warming? Quelle information sur le réchauffement climatique nous apportent les études qui concluent à un retard du CO2 sur la température, réalisées à partir des carottes de glace?“
  • “How do we know that recent CO2 increases are due to human activities? Comment savons-nous que l’augmentation récente du CO2 est due aux activités humaines ? (mise-à-jour)“
  • “CO2 Fertilization“
  • “Water vapour: feedback or forcing?“
  • “The Acid Ocean – the Other Problem with CO2 Emission“
  • “Busy Week for Water Vapor“
  • “650,000 years of greenhouse gas concentrations 650 000 années de concentrations de gaz à effet de serre“
  • “Methane hydrates and global warming“
  • “Calculating the greenhouse effect“
  • “Methane hydrates and global warming“
  • “Scientists baffled! Une surprise pour les scientifiques !“
  • “Kristof on the Apocalypse“
  • “Positive feedbacks from the carbon cycle“
  • “Buying a stairway to heaven?“
  • “Rasslin’ swamp gas“
  • “How much CO2 emission is too much?“
  • “The sky IS falling Le ciel nous tombe vraiment sur la tête“
  • “Learning from a simple model“
  • “The lag between temperature and CO2. (Gore’s got it right.)“
  • “Beck to the future“
  • “Thin Soup and a Thin Story Sulandırılmış Çorba ve Sulandırılmış bir HikâyeФертилизацията с желязо не е решение на СО2 проблема“
  • “Part II: What Ångström didn’t know“
  • “A Saturated Gassy Argument O Argumento da Saturação Gasosa“
  • “The CO2 problem in 6 easy steps“
  • “My model, used for deception“
  • “CO2 equivalents“
  • “Is the ocean carbon sink sinking? ¿Está desapareciendo el sumidero de carbono oceánico?“
  • “Hot off the projector #3: Atmospheric CO2 to 800 kyr ago“
  • “Venus Unveiled“
  • “CO2 is not the only greenhouse gas, and greenhouse effects are not the only CO2 problem El CO2 no es el único gas de efecto invernadero, y el efecto invernadero no es el único problema del CO2“

Mitigation of Climate Change:

  • “Geo-engineering in vogue…“
  • “Air Capture Captura de Aire“
  • “Climate change methadone?“
  • “The mpg confusion La confusión de las millas por galónQu’est-ce qui réduit le plus les émissions?“
  • “Tropical tropospheric trends again (again) Ancora i trends troposferici tropicali (ancora)“

Oceans:

  • “Gulf Stream slowdown? Est-ce que le Gulf Stream ralentit ?“
  • “Saltier or not? Plus salé ou pas ? “
  • “Decrease in Atlantic circulation? Ralentissement de la circulation Atlantique?“
  • “The Acid Ocean – the Other Problem with CO2 Emission“
  • “Atlantic circulation change summary Changement de la circulation Atlantique – Résumé“
  • “El Niño and Global Warming“
  • “Ocean heat content: latest numbers“
  • “Why greenhouse gases heat the ocean“
  • “Tropical SSTs: Natural variations or Global warming?“
  • “Carl Wunsch, The Economist and the Gulf Stream“
  • “Ocean Circulation: New evidence (Yes), slowdown (No)“
  • “Revealed: Secrets of Abrupt Climate Shifts“
  • “A Linkage Between the LIA and Gulf Stream?“
  • “The IPCC sea level numbers Os números do nível do mar do IPCC“
  • “Ocean Cooling. Not. Resfriamento Oceânico? Não. L’océan se refroidit. Pas.“
  • “Thin Soup and a Thin Story Sulandırılmış Çorba ve Sulandırılmış bir HikâyeФертилизацията с желязо не е решение на СО2 проблема“
  • “Who ya gonna call?“
  • “Of buckets and blogs“
  • “Ocean heat content revisions“

Paleo-climate:

  • “Temperature Variations in Past Centuries and the so-called "Hockey Stick" Variations de température sur les derniers siècles et la "crosse de hockey"“
  • “False Claims by McIntyre and McKitrick regarding the Mann et al. (1998) reconstruction“
  • “Myth vs. Fact Regarding the "Hockey Stick"“
  • “Weren’t temperatures warmer than today during the “Medieval Warm Period”? Ne faisait-il pas plus chaud au Moyen-Age, pendant “l’Optimum climatique”, que maintenant?“
  • “OK, But we do know it was warmer than present 6000 years ago, don’t we? Sommes nous sûrs qu’il faisait plus chaud il y a 6000 ans ?“
  • “On Yet Another False Claim by McIntyre and McKitrick“
  • “What If … the “Hockey Stick” Were Wrong? Et si …. la “Crosse de Hockey” était fausse ? “
  • “Dummies guide to the latest “Hockey Stick” controversy Guide pratique pour comprendre la dernière controverse sur la « crosse de hockey »“
  • “Moberg et al: Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures? Moberg et coll. : une plus grande variabilité climatique passée dans l’Hémisphere Nord ?“
  • ““New Analysis Reproduces Graph of Late 20th Century Temperature Rise”“
  • “Hockey sticks: Round 27“
  • “Debate over the Early Anthropogenic Hypothesis“
  • “A New Take on an Old Millennium“
  • “Sir Nicholas Shackleton“
  • “A Mistake with Repercussions“
  • “Art and climate“
  • “Addendum to “A Mistake with Repercussions”“
  • “How Red are my Proxies?“
  • “National Academies Synthesis Report“
  • “Medieval warmth and English wine“
  • “The missing piece at the Wegman hearing“
  • “Followup to the ‘Hockeystick’ Hearings“
  • “Revealed: Secrets of Abrupt Climate Shifts“
  • “Broadly Misleading“
  • “A Linkage Between the LIA and Gulf Stream?“
  • “When the mites go up…“
  • “What triggers ice ages? O que Dispara as Eras Glaciais? Buzul Çağlarını Tetikleyen Nedir?Qu’est ce qui déclenche les glaciations?“
  • “Cold Case vs. CSI“
  • “The lag between temperature and CO2. (Gore’s got it right.)“
  • “The weirdest millennium“
  • “Curve manipulation: lesson 2“
  • “Younger Dry-as dust?“
  • “Past reconstructions: problems, pitfalls and progress“
  • “The debate is just beginning — on the Cretaceous!“
  • “Tropical cyclone history – part I: How reliable are past hurricane records?“
  • “Tropical cyclone history – part II: Paleotempestology still in its infancy“
  • “536 AD and all that 530 AD y todo eso“
  • “Progress in reconstructing climate in recent millennia Progresos en reconstruir el clima en los últimos milenios“

Present-day observations:

  • “Et Tu LT?“
  • “The tropical lapse rate quandary“
  • “Gulf Stream slowdown? Est-ce que le Gulf Stream ralentit ?“
  • “What is a first-order climate forcing?“
  • “The Surface Temperature Record and the Urban Heat Island“
  • “Groundhog Day“
  • “Cloudy outlook for albedo?“
  • “More on the Arctic“
  • “Historical climatology in Greenland“
  • “Has Pacific Northwest snowpack declined? Yes.“
  • “Glacier Mass Balance: equilibrium or disequilibrium response?“
  • “No man is an (Urban Heat) Island“
  • “1934 and all that“
  • “Sweatin’ the Mediterranean Heat“
  • “Are Temperature Trends affected by Economic Activity (II)? ¿Están las tendencias de la temperatura del aire afectadas por la actividad económica?“
  • “A barrier to understanding?“
  • “Uncertainty, noise and the art of model-data comparison Incertidumbre, ruido y el arte de comparar datos y modelos“
  • “Model-data-comparison, Lesson 2“
  • “Global trends and ENSO Tendencias globales y ENSO“
  • “Mind the Gap! Attenzione alla differenza!“
  • “Mountains and molehills Mucho ruido y pocas nueces“
  • “2008 temperature summaries and spin“

Projections of future climate:

  • “Climate model scenarios Les scénarios des modèles climatiques“
  • “Make your own forecasts of future energy, carbon emissions, and climate“
  • “Lawson vs. the IPCC“
  • “Can 2°C warming be avoided? Un réchauffement de 2°C peut-il être évité?“
  • “James Lovelock’s Gloomy Vision“
  • “Kristof on the Apocalypse“
  • “Stern Science La science de SternA ciência de Stern“
  • “Hansen’s 1988 projections“
  • “Green and Armstrong’s scientific forecast“
  • “Regional Climate Projections“
  • “The Forecast in the Streets“
  • ““Hell train station”“

Responses to common contrarian arguments:

  • “Michaels misquotes Hansen“
  • “Antarctic cooling, global warming? Refroidissement de l’Antarctique, réchauffement global ? “
  • “What does the lag of CO2 behind temperature in ice cores tell us about global warming? Quelle information sur le réchauffement climatique nous apportent les études qui concluent à un retard du CO2 sur la température, réalisées à partir des carottes de glace?“
  • “Are Temperature Trends affected by Economic Activity?“
  • “Fox News gets it wrong“
  • “Michael Crichton’s State of Confusion L’état de confusion de Michael Crichton“
  • “Michael Crichton’s State of Confusion II: Return of the Science“
  • “Climate Change Disinformation“
  • “Will-full ignorance“
  • “George Will-misled and misleading“
  • “The global cooling myth Le mythe du refroidissement global“
  • “Strange Bedfellows En Etrange Compagnie“
  • “Myth vs. Fact Regarding the "Hockey Stick"“
  • “What If … the “Hockey Stick” Were Wrong? Et si …. la “Crosse de Hockey” était fausse ? “
  • “Water vapour: feedback or forcing?“
  • “How much of the recent CO2 increase is due to human activities? L’accroissement du CO2 atmosphérique: sommes nous entièrement responsable?“
  • “Inhofe and Crichton: Together at Last!“
  • “How to be a real sceptic“
  • “The Wall Street Journal vs. The Scientific Consensus El Wall Street Journal sobre el consenso científico en el cambio climático“
  • “Senator Inhofe on Climate Change“
  • “CO2 Fertilization“
  • “Calculating the greenhouse effect“
  • “Good climate debate FAQ“
  • “Bush on “The Fundamental Debate”“
  • “Incurious George“
  • “Heat Rising at the Washington Post“
  • “Open Thread on Lindzen Op-Ed in WSJ“
  • “Lindzen: point by point“
  • “Thank you for emitting“
  • “Global cooling, again“
  • “Cuckoo Science La Science Coucou“
  • “English vineyards again….“
  • “Avery and Singer: Unstoppable hot air“
  • “Inhofe’s last stand“
  • “Swindled! Aldatıldık!“
  • “Swindled: Carl Wunsch responds Aldatıldık: Carl Wunsch Cevap Veriyor“
  • “Does a Global Temperature Exist?Existe uma temperature global?“
  • “Lindzen in Newsweek“
  • “The lag between temperature and CO2. (Gore’s got it right.)“
  • “Beck to the future“
  • “The weirdest millennium“
  • “Curve manipulation: lesson 2“
  • “Oregon Institute of Science and Malarkey“
  • “BBC contrarian top 10“
  • “Les Chevaliers de l’Ordre de la Terre Plate, Part I: Allègre and Courtillot“
  • “Les Chevaliers de l’Ordre de la Terre Plate, Part II: Courtillot’s Geomagnetic Excursion“
  • “The global cooling mole La excusa del enfriamiento global“
  • “Impressions from the European Geophysical Union conference 2008“
  • “Freeman Dyson’s selective vision“
  • “Once more unto the bray“
  • “Not the IPCC (“NIPCC”) Report“

Scientific Practice:

  • “Statistical analysis of consensus Analyse statistique du consensus“
  • “Just what is this Consensus anyway? En quoi consiste le “Consensus” ?“
  • “Exeter conference: Avoiding Dangerous Climate Change Conférence d’Exeter (G-B): éviter un changement climatique dangereux “
  • “Is Climate Modelling Science? La modélisation climatique est-elle de la science?“
  • “IPCC in action: Part I“
  • “IPCC in action: Part II“
  • “Peer Review: A Necessary But Not Sufficient Condition Evaluation par des pairs : une condition nécessaire mais pas suffisante“
  • “Peer Review: A Necessary But Not Sufficient Condition II“
  • “Lawson vs. the IPCC“
  • “How to be a real sceptic“
  • “Hansen in the New York Times“
  • “Happy Birthday, Charles Darwin!“
  • “A Mistake with Repercussions“
  • “How not to write a press release“
  • “Communicating Science & Technology“
  • “The Copenhagen Consensus“
  • “Nature’s press advisories“
  • “Chinese whispers in Australia“
  • “AGU, AAPG and AMQUA“
  • “Supreme Court Amicus Curiae from scientists“
  • “Further comment on the Supreme Court briefs“
  • “Fall AGU“
  • “AGU Hangover“
  • “The IPCC Fourth Assessment SPM Le Quatrième Rapport d’Evaluation du GIEC – Résumé à l’intention des décideursA Quarta Avaliação do IPCC – Sumário para Tomadores de DeciçãoUluslararası Iklim Değişikliği Görevgücü’nün 4. Değerlendirme Raporunun Politika Belirliyicileri Icin ÖzetiEl resumen para responsables de políticas del cuarto informe de evaluación del IPCC“
  • “Fraser Institute fires off a damp squib“
  • “Ozone Hole Leaks and Other Tales Ozon Deliği Sızdırıyor ve Bunun Gibi Başka Hikayeler“
  • “Full IPCC AR4 report now available“
  • “Transparency of the IPCC process“
  • “Perspectives from China“
  • “Spanish perspectives“
  • “What if you held a conference, and no (real) scientists came?“
  • “Blogs and peer-review Blogs y reseña de pares“
  • “Bridging the divides“
  • “Are geologists different?“
  • “A new survey of scientists Neue Umfrage unter Klimaforschern“
  • “Greenspan, Einstein and Reich Greenspan, Einstein et Reich“
  • “Contrarians and consensus: The case of the midwife toad“

Solar forcing:

  • “Recent Warming But No Trend in Galactic Cosmic Rays“
  • “A critique on Veizer’s Celestial Climate Driver“
  • “The lure of solar forcing“
  • “Did the Sun hit record highs over the last few decades?“
  • “Another study on solar influence“
  • “The trouble with sunspots“
  • “How not to attribute climate change“
  • “Taking Cosmic Rays for a spin“
  • “Nigel Calder in the Times“
  • “‘Cosmoclimatology’ – tired old arguments in new clothes ‘Cosmoclimatologia’ – argumentos velhos e ultrapassados em nova roupagem“
  • “Cosmic rays don’t die so easily“

Climate in the Media:

  • “The False Objectivity of “Balance”“
  • “Getting the balance right…“
  • “Al Gore’s movie Le film de Al Gore“
  • “Disinformation? You want it, IREA’s got it“
  • “Peter Doran and how misleading talking points propagate“
  • “The missing repertoire“
  • “Sachs’ WSJ Challenge“
  • “Consensus as the New Heresy“
  • “The Human Hand in Climate Change“
  • “WSJ Editorial Board: Head Still Buried in the Sand“
  • “Climate Reporting in Physics World Reportagem sobre o Clima na Physics World“
  • “Broad Irony“
  • “A Tale of Three Interviews“
  • “Cockburn’s form“
  • “Global Warming Delusions at the Wall Street Journal“
  • “A phenomenological sequel“
  • “Find the error“
  • “A day when Hell was frozen“
  • “Wired Magazine’s Incoherent Truths“
  • “More PR related confusion“
  • “Journalistic whiplash“
  • “Palin on Global Warming“
  • “Why don’t op-eds get fact checked?“

Meeting Reports:

  • “Live (almost) from AGU–Dispatch #1“
  • “Live (almost) from AGU–Dispatch #2“
  • “Hot off the projector #3: Atmospheric CO2 to 800 kyr ago“
  • “Live (almost) from AGU–Dispatch #4“
  • “Notes from The Gathering #5: Arctic sea ice: is it tipped yet?“
  • “Live (almost) from AGU–Dispatch #6“
  • “Rolling up the circus tent: Dispatch #7“
  • “Impressions from the European Geophysical Union conference 2008“
  • “Field notes from a Nature Conservancy meeting“

Miscellaneous:

  • “Welcome to RealClimate Bienvenue à RealClimate“
  • “A disclaimer Mise au point“
  • “RealClimate In the News“
  • “Doubts about the Advent of Spring“
  • “Scientists respond to Barton“
  • “Framing of climate science“
  • “Books books books“
  • “One year on…“
  • “Hansen in the New York Times“
  • “Those pesky scientific facts…“
  • “Meteors, Nuclear Tests and Global Warming“
  • “Pielke père et fils in Nature“
  • “Washington Post Cartoon“
  • “IPCC draft: No comment.“
  • “MY Review of Books“
  • “Introducing RC forum“
  • “It’s different in Europe“
  • “The Copenhagen Consensus“
  • “New public opinion poll on global warming“
  • “New Google search function“
  • “2006 Year in review Revue de l’année 2006“
  • “Calling All Science Teachers“
  • “Save the World! Earn $25 million! Dünya’yı Kurtar! 25 Milyon Dolar Kazan!Sauvez la planète ! Gagnez 25 millions de dollars !“
  • “Global Warming debate Küresel Isınma Müzakeresi“
  • “Adventures on the East Side Doğu Yakasında Maceralar“
  • “The Sheep Albedo Feedback“
  • “Fun with correlations! Korelasyonlarla eğlenelim!“
  • “A bit of philosophy“
  • “G8 summit declaration“
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Filed Under: Extras

Antarctic Oscillation (“AAO”) Oscillation Antarctique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Measure of the pressure gradient between the polar and subpolar regions of the Southern Hemisphere. Term was introduced by Thompson and Wallace (2000). More information on the AAO can be found here. See also Arctic Oscillation (“AO”).

Mesure du gradient de pression entre les régions pôlaires et sub-pôlaires de l’Hémisphère Sud. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par Thompson et Wallace (2000). Plus d’informations sur l’Oscillation Antarctique peuvent être trouvées ici. Voir également Oscillation Arctique.

Filed Under: Glossary

Anthropogenic Forcing Forçage Anthropogénique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Forcing due to human, rather than natural, factors. Such factors include increased greenhouse gas concentrations associated with fossil fuel burning, sulphate aerosols produced as an industrial by-product, human-induced changes in land surface properties among other things.

Forçage dû à l’action humaine, par opposition aux facteurs naturels. Les facteurs d’origine humaine incluent (entre autres) l’augmentation de la concentration en gaz à effet de serre associés à la combustion de carbone fossile, les aérosols sulfatés issus de l’industrie, et les changements des propriétés de la couverture terrestre liés à l’action humaine.

Filed Under: Glossary

Arctic Oscillation (“AO”) Oscillation Arctique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Measure of the pressure gradient between the polar and subpolar regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The term was introduced by Thompson and Wallace (2000). More information on the AO can be found here. See also North Atlantic Oscillation”(NAO”).

Mesure du gradient de pression entre les régions pôlaires et sub-pôlaires de l’Hémisphère Nord. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par Thompson et Wallace (2000). Plus d’informations peuvent être trouvées ici. Voir également : Oscillation Nord Atlantique.

Filed Under: Glossary

Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (“AMO”) Oscillation Atlantique Multi-Décennale (“AMO”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

A multidecadal (50-80 year timescale) pattern of North Atlantic ocean-atmosphere variability whose existence has been argued for based on statistical analyses of observational and proxy climate data, and coupled Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (“AOGCM”) simulations. This pattern is believed to describe some of the observed early 20th century (1920s-1930s) high-latitude Northern Hemisphere warming and some, but not all, of the high-latitude warming observed in the late 20th century. The term was introduced in a summary by Kerr (2000) of a study by Delworth and Mann (2000).
Mode de variabilité de l’océan et atmosphère de l’Atlantique Nord a l’échelle de temps multi-décennale (50 a 70 ans). Ce mode a été décrit sur la base d’analyses statistiques de données climatiques instrumentales et reconstruites par des proxies, ainsi que de simulations numériques de modèles couplés Océan-Atmosphère. Ce mode de variabilité contient une partie du réchauffement aux hautes latitudes de l’hémisphère Nord dans le début du 20ème siècle (années 1920-1930), et également en partie (mais pas tout) du réchauffement aux hautes latitudes observé a la fin du 20ème siècle. Ce terme a été employé pour la première fois par R.Kerr dans un résumé de l’étude de Delworth et Mann (2000).

Filed Under: Glossary

Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Model (“AOGCM”) Modèle Couplé Océan-Atmosphère de Circulation Générale (“AOGCM”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model of the three-dimensional global climate. See also ‘General Circulation Model (GCM)’.
Modèle couplé océan-atmosphère du climat global en trois dimensions. Voir également : ‘Modèle de Circulation Générale (GCM)’.

Filed Under: Glossary

Climate Field Reconstruction (“CFR”)

28 Nov 2004 by group

Approach to reconstructing a target large-scale climate field from predictors employing multivariate regression methods. CFR methods have been applied both to filling spatial gaps in early instrumental climate data sets, and to the problem of reconstructing past climate patterns from ‘climate proxy’ data.

Filed Under: Glossary

Climate Proxy ‘Proxy’ ou marqueur climatique

28 Nov 2004 by group

Climate ‘proxies’ are sources of climate information from natural archives such as tree rings, ice cores, corals, lake and ocean sediments, tree pollen, or human archives such as historical records or diaries, which can be used to estimate climate conditions prior to the modern period (e.g. mid 19th century to date) during which widespread instrumental measurements are available. Proxy indicators typically must be calibrated against modern instrumental information to yield a quantitative reconstruction of past climate.

Les marqueurs ou ‘proxis’ climatiques sont des sources d’information sur le climat provenant d’archives naturelles comme les cernes de croissance des arbres, les carottes glaciaires, les coraux, les sédiments lacustres et océaniques, les pollens ; ou d’archives humaines comme les enregistrements historiques et journaux, qui peuvent etre utilisés pour estimer les conditions climatiques avant la période moderne (environ le milieu du 19eme siecle), période pendant laquelle des mesures instrumentales sont largement disponibles. Les ‘proxis’ doivent etre calibrés sur les données instrumentales modernes pour fournir une reconstruction quantitative du climat.

Filed Under: Glossary

Climate sensitivity Sensibilité climatique

28 Nov 2004 by Gavin

Climate sensitivity is a measure of the equilibrium global surface air temperature change for a particular forcing. It is usually given as a °C change per W/m2 forcing. A standard experiment to determine this value in a climate model is to look at the doubled CO2 climate, and so equivalently, the climate sensitivity is sometimes given as the warming for doubled CO2 (i.e. from 280 ppm to 560 ppm). The forcing from doubled CO2 is around 4 W/m2 and so a sensitivity of 3°C for a doubling, is equivalent to a sensitivity of 0.75 °C/W/m2. The principal idea is that if you know the sum of the forcings, you can estimate what the eventual temperature change will be.

We should underscore that the concepts of radiative forcing and climate sensitivity are simply an empirical shorthand that climatologists find useful for estimating how different changes to the planet’s radiative balance will lead to eventual temperature changes. There are however some subtleties which rarely get mentioned. Firstly, there are a number of ways to define the forcings. The easiest is the ‘instantaneous forcing’ – the change is made and the difference in the net radiation at the tropopause is estimated. But it turns out that other definitions such as the ‘adjusted forcing’ actually give a better estimate of the eventual temperature change. These other forcings progressively allow more ‘fast’ feedbacks to operate (stratospheric temperatures are allowed to adjust for instance), but the calculations get progressively more involved.

Secondly, not all forcings are equal. Because of differences in vertical or horizontal distribution of forcings, some changes can have a more than proportional effect on temperatures. This can be described using a relative ‘efficacy’ factor that depends on the individual forcing. For instance, the effect of soot making snow and sea ice darker has a higher efficacy than an equivalent change in CO2 with the same forcing, mainly because there is a more important ice-albedo feedback in the soot case. The ideal metric of course would be a forcing that can be calculated easily and where every perturbation to the radiative balance had an relative efficacy of 1. Unfortunately, that metric has not yet been found!
La sensibilité climatique est une mesure de la variation de température d’équilibre globale de surface atmosphérique pour un forcage donné. Son unité est généralement des °C change par W/m2 de forçage. Pour déterminer sa valeur, une expérience classique est de regarder le climat pour une concentration en CO2 atmosphérique doublée ; ce qui fait que la sensibilité est donnée quelquefois donnée en terme de réchauffement pour un doublement du du CO2(c.a.d. une augmentation de 280 ppm a 560 ppm). Le forçage pour un doublement du CO2 est d’environ 4 W/m2 ce qui implique qu’une sensibilité de 3°C pour un doublement est équivalente a une sensibilité de 0.75 °C/W/m2. L’idée fondamentale est que si on connaît la somme de tous les forçages, il est alors possible d’estimer l’amplitude du changement de température induit.

Il est important de noter que les concepts de forçage radiatif et de sensibilité climatique sont des raccourcis empiriques que les climatologues trouvent utiles pour estimer l’impact de changements dans le bilan radiatif terrestre en termes de changements de températures. Quelques nuances doivent être mentionnées. Premièrement, il existe différentes manières de définir un forçage. La plus simple est le ‘forçage instantané’ – le changement est appliqué et la différence nette de radiation est estimée a la tropopause. Mais, en réalité, d’autres définitions, comme le ‘forçage ajusté’ donnent de meilleurs estimations du changement de température final. Ces autres forçages autorisent progressivement la mise en place de plus de rétroactions ‘rapides’ (les températures stratosphériques peuvent s’ajuster par exemple), mais le niveau de calcul augmente en retour.

Deuxièmement, tous les forçages ne sont pas égaux. En raison de différences dans les distributions verticales ou horizontales des forçages, certains changements peuvent avoir un effet sur les températures supérieur a celui directement proportionnel. Ceci peut être décrit comme un facteur relatif d’efficacité’, spécifique a chaque forçage. Par exemple, l’effet des suies a assombrir la neige et la glace de mer a une efficacité plus élevée qu’un changement équivalent en CO2 avec le même forçage, principalement en raison d’une rétro-action glace-albédo dans le cas des suies. Idéalement, un forçage pourrait être quantifiée par une méthode facile et dans laquelle chaque perturbation du bilan radiatif aurait une efficacité relative de 1. Malheureusement, une telle méthode n’a pas encore été trouvée !

Filed Under: Glossary

CO2 Fertilization

28 Nov 2004 by mike

It has sometimes been argued that the earth’s biosphere (in large part, the terrestrial biosphere) may have the capacity to sequestor much of the increased carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere associated with human fossil fuel burning. This effect is known as “CO2 fertilization” because, in the envisioned scenario, higher ambient CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere literally “fertilize” plant growth. Because plants in turn, in the process of photosynthesis, convert CO2 into oxygen, it is thus sometimes argued that such “co2 fertilization” could potentially provide a strong negative feedback on changing CO2 concentrations.

[Read more…] about CO2 Fertilization

Filed Under: Glossary

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